Thoracic Research and Practice
Review

Efficacy and Safety of Stent, Valves, Vapour ablation, Coils and Sealant Therapies in Advanced Emphysema: A Meta-Analysis

1.

Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India

2.

Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India

3.

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India

4.

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Pacific Institute of Medical Sciences, Gyan Nagar, Near Gyan Mandir School, Sector-4, Hiran Magri, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

5.

Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India

6.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India

7.

Department of Biostatistics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

Thorac Res Pract 2019; 20: 43-60
DOI: 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2018.18062
Read: 2175 Downloads: 561 Published: 18 July 2019

Abstract

 

Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) methods have emerged as a new treatment option for patients with severe emphysema. Endobronchial valves and coils have been extensively studied. This review assesses efficacy, safety, and cost effectiveness of the BLVR procedures (stent, valves, vapor ablation, endobronchial coils, lung sealant) in patients with severe emphysema. Databases were searched until October 2016, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing available BLVR procedures to standard medical care or sham bronchoscopy were included. Random effect model and generic inverse variance approach were used for meta-analysis. Out of 381 identified records, 16 RCTs were included. As compared to recommended medical care or sham bronchoscopy, the BLVR procedures are more effective in improving quality of life [SGRQ score (WMD=−6.38; −9.12 to −3.65)] and 6MWT (WMD=24.21; 9.68-38.74) and percentage FEV1 (WMD=10.48; 7.07-13.89). Increased risk of serious adverse events (RR=2.18; 1.63–2.93), specifically for chronic pulmonary obstructive disease exacerbations and lower respiratory tract infection combined (RR=1.37; 1.07-1.75), were observed with bronchoscopic interventions, while there was no difference in number of deaths (RR=1.25; 0.79–1.99) and respiratory failure (RR=1.13; 0.57–2.21). The BLVR procedures, especially endobronchial coils, were found to be effective in the management of patients with severe emphysema irrespective of collateral ventilation. However, characterization of patients who would be most benefited from these procedures is required, and effectiveness of these procedures in long run needs to be established.

 

Cite this article as: Rustagi N, Singh S, Dutt N, et al. Efficacy and safety of Stent, vapour ablation, coil and sealant therapies in advanced emphysema: A meta-analysis. Turk Thorac J 2019; 20(1): 43-60.

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