Abstract

Animal models have been extensively used in experimental medical research, particularly in studies of pharmaceutical and molecular pathways. This review will summarise the issues scientists face in planning experimental studies and selecting an available animal model. Planning is the most important part of the experiment, and it can be divided into certain stages, including subject selection, observation, data collection, determination of the original idea or the problem, purpose, selecting the variables, and developing a hypothesis. When creating an experimental animal model, choosing an experimental animal model is very important for adapting this model to the clinic in humans. Some characteristics of animals, such as race, spontaneous disease development, and transgenic animals, should be considered during animal selection, and experiments should be carefully planned. There were four animal models used: (i) Induced Models, (ii) Spontaneous models, (iii) Negative Models, and (iv) Orphon Models. As a result, the selected animal model, no matter what the model is, should be very well defined.